The future development in China and the development of industries LED thinking

In recent years, our country the LED industry has developed rapidly, and at this stage in the industry of hundreds of thousands of people, research institutions, enterprise thousands of nearly home. Global LED industry competition from view, the current domestic LED packaging enterprise automation level faster, with road lighting primarily lighting applications industry development, and has made a breakthrough in the application package and LED in scale and industrialization technology has important influence in the world; On the other hand, domestic LED extension and chip the production capacity of the enterprise and the level of technology have certain ascend, upstream industry maintained a good momentum of development, but generally speaking, in the world of competitive was relatively weak. In this context, ministry of science &technology timely started the "ten city lamp" plan, which greatly promoted the officials, the domestic production, learning from all walks of life to semiconductor lighting business development enthusiasm. On this opportunity, we nearly years formed on the basis of the research about the industrial development of the research and development and the LED out the idea for the friends reference and correct.

A, the future industrial development characteristics: technology and market grows together

The actual lighting lamps usually in thousands of lumen output flux to tens of thousands of lumens, and at present single high-end power type white LED of the flux in 100 lumens, only about semiconductor lighting lamps and lanterns is usually so by tens to hundreds of cluster of white LED. At the current LED performance is concerned, low pressure, constant current drivers use of cluster LED semiconductor lighting lamps and lanterns must be solved by the intense heat dissipation and exchange the utility to low voltage by constant current conversion and cause power management problem. In addition, the traditional encapsulates the power of the type XiaoGuang LED, high brightness of the luminescence properties can cause serious dazzle. So, semiconductor lighting technology not only limited to chip production and packaging technology, but a contain optical design, heat and power management, system level technology.

From the LED to the final piece of the extension lighting lamps and lanterns need after material and production-tube extension chip packages and lamps and lanterns and core design assembly and a series of industrial chain link. On one hand, from extension to a final piece of lighting and display application, the industrial chain of each link can form independent product, and has its own technical barriers, and the research and development needs; On the other hand, terminal application the quality of the products will be affected by the influence of each link. For example, the core parts of the semiconductor lighting is LED chips, but LED chips luminous efficiency reached 100 lm/W, does not equal the semiconductor lighting lamps and lanterns efficiency is also reached 100 lm/W; Even more important, semiconductor lighting products to get market recognition, including efficiency, reliability, the human eye lamps and lanterns, comfort and so the comprehensive performance compared with the traditional lighting products must get the obvious superiority. In other words, even if semiconductor lighting lamps and lanterns efficiency reached 100 lm/W, does not mean it will be accepted for the market, semiconductor lighting itself and many scientific problems need to be studied, such as lighting effect and quality including show color sex, color product consistency, the human eye comfort, etc.

Only when the development of technology makes semiconductor lighting lamps and lanterns in efficiency, lighting quality, design novelty in traditional light source advantage relative, semiconductor lighting just may enter and constantly develops the market. On the other hand, the market to expand production enlargement and the industry development the increase of the input, accelerate the technology progress, so that the performance improvement and cost and price down gradually. The above two process reciprocating, which eventually led to the alternate semiconductor lighting industry.

Second, the future market concentration areas: semiconductor lighting and LED display

Semiconductor lighting industry mainly includes the outdoor, indoor general lighting for general lighting etc the industry; LED display industry mainly including LED back light and LED display areas of the industry. Technical level, the industrial technology were materials preparation, encapsulation denotation and chip, module and lamps and lanterns manufacturing technology. Semiconductor lighting and LED display products in the middle, industrial technology is basically the same as the main difference is that, the technology.

1, the future of semiconductor lighting market will be the largest part of the general lighting

General lighting including indoor lighting and outdoor lighting two kinds big.

These two types of applications require lamps and lanterns with high luminous efficiency, long life, environmental protection and other characteristics, the main difference is that indoor lighting source for lighting effect and quality (including show color sex, color product consistency, the light source exitance and uniformity, the human eye comfort, etc.) have higher demand, and the dimensions of the consumer groups to lamps and lanterns more sensitive to the price. On the other hand, the blue chip the luminous efficiency advantage to be further improve and limited to a white LED the encapsulation of the technology, the current semiconductor lighting lamps and lanterns is mostly for the high quality white light, together with color product lukewarm and consistent with the traditional lighting is unsitisfatory compared, make semiconductor lighting lamps and lanterns is currently in the outdoor lighting in the application scale, and in indoor illume is just beginning in. Therefore, limited to cost and lighting quality, semiconductor lighting will take the lead in outdoor lighting, with large scale application after the development of technology gradually enter indoor lighting area.

Outdoor lighting a typical application is street lamp, street lamp is an important part of urban lighting, its power consumption accounts for a significant part of the whole lighting electricity. The traditional street lamps use high-pressure sodium lamp, high luminous efficiency in high pressure sodium colour developing index is low, made by illuminate color distortion is very apparent; objects High show color sex high-pressure sodium lamp show color sex has been improved, but the light efficiency, life are somewhat loss; Limited by its life is short, so need regular expensive high maintenance activities. General high-pressure sodium lamp light with poor performance, that is when the road lighting the uniformity of is not good enough, and in order to meet the road lighting to the requirements of the uniformity of general high pressure sodium lamps are using light pole than under the demand is big intensity of illumination power rating of many, and cause the energy waste, therefore, development of new high efficiency, energy saving, long life, good colour developing index, and environment friendly to city street illumination energy conservation has the very vital significance. Outdoor lighting field, driving the huge market demand LED street lamps, and other lamps and lanterns type power levels of technology progress, cost is declining, new products appear constantly.

On the other hand, indoor lighting the most commonly used product is incandescent light bulb and fluorescent lamp. Incandescent light bulb luminous efficiency is extremely low, only ten several lumens/tile, and fluorescent contain mercury and other harmful substances, is not conducive to environmental protection. Therefore, indoor lighting for effective environmental lighting products more strong demand. Although the white LED devices in the luminous efficiency and environmental protection in characteristics have more than incandescent light bulb and fluorescent, but by its form of lamps and lanterns lighting effect and quality is still not quickly form to the traditional lighting source the advantages of its in indoor lighting of application is just beginning. However, indoor lighting the huge market demand, which will push the indoor lighting applications for the packaging and system level application technology development.

2, the LED display industry has great market potential

The LED display industry including the LED display and LED back light. No doubt, the LED display in the outdoor screen area is absolute advantage. For indoor display speaking, there are DuoZhong options, including PDP, tft-lcd, full-color LED display, etc. But, in contrast, PDP and LCD are difficult to achieve large size displayed, and overall efficiency is low, the power; Indoor display screen on one hand and LED to provide high quality and easy to realize that large size, on the other hand to energy conservation and environmental protection. Generally, the LED display is mature industry technology. However, in indoor large screen display field to give full play to the LED display high quality, size, that the energy conservation, the environmental protection, the big advantage of ordinary pixel space of the LED display far cannot meet the application requirements. We believe, in some key technical breakthrough, and on the basis of the big stadiums, exhibition hall, the small and large, middle and small hall, conference room, hall and even to household place, will be the LED display cast its expertise of stage.

On the other hand, and cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFL) LED back light, compared with the energy conservation, the environmental protection, the more perfect sports images, the more wide color gamut and advantage, will in notebook computers, LCD TV-such as application field is steep.

Three, the future breakthrough field: LED application package and the industry

We LED the yankees to GaN industry international and domestic relevant patent system research and analysis, choose mainly in this area the name of the enterprise and the core statistics, through to the patent of the European Patent Office making patent document database, DE winter world patent index (DerwentInnovationsIndex (DII)) and China the state intellectual property office patent database retrieval relevant patents in the retrieval, for the United States (US), Japan (JP) and Europe (EP) and China (CN) more than 3000 of the statistics and analysis of the patent.

The core of the retrieval get patent are classified according to the industry chain, first divided into material extension and chip making, device packaging, application four link, each link internal press again divided into several types of technology, the patent number of each type of statistics.

Can see, at present, the LED industry of patent mostly in the upstream and downstream of the link, part of the relative to patent a lot less. The results also and LED the development of technology process related. From the 1990 s ShujiNakamura developed GaN base since LED, a great deal of research and extension to material production, all details from the chip to start to improve the performance of the GaN and LED. In this process, the upstream industry technology obtained fast development, the emergence of a patent technology, many of which is the core technology, and the product development is relatively slowly. So that is a current patent technology "under the heavy light" situation.

But today, and the performance of the GaN LED from theory limit although it has some distance, but has basically met the needs of the lighting. With the technology of mature gradually, and the market become stronger, LED encapsulation and application problems also gradually emerges. Look from products, whether semiconductor lighting lamps and lanterns or LED display module, are not simply LED devices will be together form. Packaging and application link contains circuit, heat and optical design and so on a series of major scientific and technological problems, and the solution of these problems itself means that patent technology production.

On the other hand, the middle and lower reaches of the industry than upstream industry patent range more extensive. The industry's patent technology is basically semiconductor material, chip preparation technology, etc, and the industry more directly facing the market, its product design and the use of the products, the use of the environment and use object request has the close relation, it also more easily lead to new patent.

From the above analysis, we can see that the existing patent technology the relatively small number of the patent number and can be dug very many, foreign companies in this field of patent barriers has not build as heavily as upstream areas. Therefore, in the next few years, each big enterprise may will be in the packaging and application technology LED to the patent for the launch, including application of patent is key. And China's patent application, the proportion of downstream industry than upstream industry more, this also from a side, reflects the domestic partial enterprise in the downstream technology already have a certain strength, China in the middle and lower reaches technology than the technology has a big advantage. Therefore, the LED encapsulation and application, downstream industry in the domestic enterprise is easy to get great achievements of the breakthrough.

Four, the future development trend: the field to selectively breakthroughs in key, the development of independent extension and chip technology

At present, the domestic many scientific research institution in material extension and chip production from many details did a lot of research work. And on the other hand, although recent domestic LED extension and chip the production capacity of the enterprise and the level of technology have certain ascend, but on the whole the upstream many enterprises haven't really form with independent intellectual property rights of the technical route, some enterprise to the future development direction of technology are confused.

We think, the current Chinese LED industry in the fields facing the main problem or most of the chip luminous efficiency isn't high enough, device reliability remained to be improved. Suggestions focus resources have choice of, in some have see a clear direction, in order to improve the key breakthrough in the upstream industry level. The current domestic upstream areas to improve or should, within the quantum efficiency as the core, in the thorough understanding GaN base material, on the basis of physical property development material extension and chip preparation technology, improve quality and reduce the crystal dislocation density, optimization quantum well structure, control stress and improve light extraction efficiency, core technology as soon as possible in the form of independent intellectual property rights.

In addition, the domestic LED material extension and chip industry is of the localization of high-level talents restricts the healthy development of the industry is one of the key problems.

The LED extension and chip enterprise high level talented person many have to marry or from Taiwan personnel hiring, its join in a certain extent undoubtedly promote domestic upstream industry progress of technology, but to the healthy development of the industry long as soon as possible, build the localization of high-level talents team is very necessary.

Proposal to set up the multi-level talent support system, set up enterprises as center, with universities and research institutions as the foundation of innovation mechanism of talents training, through the postdoctoral research station, engineering construction joint training methods, point the joint training optical, physics, electronic, microelectronics, materials and other professional field of creative talents.